Re: [pronut-hiv] Active or Passive Smoking May Be Linked to Glucose Intolerance (2)

["Andrew Offor" <kwandiee@yahoo.co.uk>]

Hello 
I had like to have a look at the full article
Pls send it to my box or to  your subscribers.
Andrew
NIGERIA

--- ProNut-HIV wrote:

> Active or Passive Smoking May Be Linked to Glucose
> Intolerance   
> BMJ. Posted online April 6, 2006.
> 
> April 10, 2006 * Both active and passive smoking
> increase the risk of developing glucose intolerance,
> according to the results of a prospective cohort
> study reported in the April 6 Online First issue of
> the BMJ.
> 
> "Smoking has been linked to impaired response to
> glucose tolerance tests and insulin resistance,"
> write Thomas K. Houston, MD, from the Birmingham
> Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Alabama, and
> colleagues. "Although smoking cessation can result
> in modest weight gain, smoking is related to a more
> unhealthy distribution of upper body weight and
> greater waist:hip ratio. Smoking has also been
> associated with risk of chronic pancreatitis and
> pancreatic cancer, suggesting that tobacco smoke may
> be directly toxic to the pancreas."
> 
> The Coronary Artery Risk Development In young Adults
> (CARDIA) study began in 1985 to 1986 with
> recruitment of black and white men and women aged 18
> to 30 years with no glucose intolerance at baseline.
> Participants were 1386 current smokers, 621 previous
> smokers, 1452 never smokers with reported exposure
> to secondhand smoke (validated by serum cotinine
> concentrations, 1 - 15 ng/mL), and 1113 never
> smokers with no exposure to secondhand smoke. The
> primary endpoint was time to development of glucose
> intolerance (glucose, >/= 100 mg/dL or taking
> antidiabetic drugs) during 15 years of follow-up.
> 
> At baseline, median age was 25 years, 55% of
> participants were women, and 50% were African
> American. During follow-up, glucose intolerance
> developed in 16.7% of participants. There was a
> graded association between smoking exposure and the
> incidence of glucose intolerance during the 15-year
> follow-up, which was 21.8% for smokers, 17.2% for
> never smokers with passive smoke exposure, 14.4% for
> previous smokers, and 11.5% for never smokers with
> no passive smoke exposure.
> 
> After adjustment for multiple baseline
> sociodemographic, biological, and behavioral
> factors, risk was still higher in current smokers
> (hazard ratio [HR], 1.65, 95% confidence interval
> [CI], 1.27 - 2.13) and never smokers with passive
> smoke exposure (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.06 - 1.71) than
> in never smokers without passive smoke exposure.
> However, risk in previous smokers was similar to
> that in never smokers without passive smoke
> exposure.
> 
> "We found that tobacco exposure is associated with
> the development of glucose intolerance over a 15
> year period, with a dose-response effect apparent,"
> the authors write. "These findings support a role of
> both active and passive smoking in the development
> of glucose intolerance in young adulthood."
> 
> Study limitations include potential residual
> confounding, observational nature, and recruitment
> of African Americans and white people from 4 US
> urban areas, limiting generalizability.
> 
> "Importantly, we identified passive tobacco exposure
> in never smokers as a new risk factor for glucose
> intolerance," the authors conclude. "If confirmed by
> further research, these findings provide further
> documentation of the deleterious effects of tobacco
> smoking, and policy makers may use them as
> additional justification to reduce exposure to
> passive smoke."
> 
> The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
> supported this study. The authors have disclosed no
> relevant financial relationships.
> 
>